主（云rds）从（自建数据库）读写分离操作

mysql --version

systemctl stop mysqld

vim /etc/my.cnf

server-id=2222 #服务 ID，主从实例 server-id 需不同。
log_bin=mysql-bin.log #这里要确保路径存在
expire_logs_days=10
max_binlog_size=100M
replicate-do-db=exampledb #需要同步的数据库
replicate-ignore-db=mysql  #不需要同步的数据库
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema #不需要同步的数据库
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema  #不需要同步的数据库
 
 
#配置GTID同步模式，binlog格式为ROW，同样放置在[mysqld]下：
 
#GTID
gtid_mode=on  # MySQL实例开启GTID模式
enforce_gtid_consistency=on # 使用GTID模式复制时，需要开启此参数，用来保证GTID的一致性。
binlog_format=row  # 强烈建议 binlog_format 使用ROW格式，其他格式可能造成数据不一致。
log-slave-updates=1  #当SLAVE数据库启动的时候，SLAVE不会自动开启复制

mysql> show variables like '%binlog_format%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| binlog_format | ROW   |
+---------------+-------+

从库导入数据
CREATE DATABASE 数据库名；
USE 数据库名；
SOURCE 导出的文件名.sql

mysql> start slave;
ERROR 1200 (HY000): The server is not configured as slave; fix in config file or with CHANGE MASTER TO

change master to master_host='rm-2ze9nr61bnvokza924o.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com',
master_port=3306,
master_user='***********',
master_password='***********', 
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',#Master服务器产生的日志    主库 show master status 获取
master_log_pos=129558; #binlog起始位置   主库 show master status 获取

start slave;

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: rm-2ze9nr61bnvokza924o.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com
                  Master_User: fengguowuhen
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 139146
               Relay_Log_File: VM-24-3-centos-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 9908
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: testdb
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 139146
              Relay_Log_Space: 10124
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 20742498
                  Master_UUID: b960ea63-9050-11ec-b8f4-00163e34b379
             Master_Info_File: /www/server/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b960ea63-9050-11ec-b8f4-00163e34b379:460-493
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 2c142236-5a62-11ec-aa71-5254007d026f:1-4,
b960ea63-9050-11ec-b8f4-00163e34b379:460-493
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)